Mars 2 to 7

Author(s): DaveBowman2001 Shadow-Dragon-777 Wieslaw Kruczala tashtego

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The program is a series of Soviet space probes intended to explore the Red Planet. A total of seven missions were launched on the second phase of the program (1971-1974), including the first to land successfully on Mars. However the program was plagued with serious technological issues that it was eventually abandoned in favor of continuing Venera missions to Venus

Mars M-71/M-73 (1971-1974)
Mission	Component	Start	End
Cosmos 419	-	1971-May-10	1971-May-12
Cosmos 419	-	Mission failure, stranded in LEO
Mars 2	Orbiter	1971-May-19	1972-Aug-22
	Orbiter	Second spacecraft to successfully orbit Mars after Mariner 9 (1,380 x 24,940 km)
	Lander	1971-Nov-27
	Lander	First spacecraft to crash on Mars (45°S 313°W)
Mars 3	Orbiter	1971-May-28	1972-Aug-22
	Orbiter	Third spacecraft to successfully orbit Mars (1,500 x 211,400 km)
	Lander	1971-Dec-3
	Lander	First spacecraft to successfully land on Mars (45°S 202°E). Stopped working for unknown reasons about T+110 sec after landing
Mars 4	-	1973-Jul-21	1974-Feb-10
Mars 4	-	Mission failure, unable to orbit Mars due to propulsion failure. Flew past the planet at 1,844 km altitude
Mars 5	-	1973-Jul-25	1974-Feb-28
Mars 5	-	Fourth spacecraft to successfully orbit Mars (1,760 x 35,586 km). Failed just 14 days after MOI
Mars 6	Flyby	1973-Aug-5	1974
	Flyby	Encounter with Mars = 1,600 km
	Lander	1974-Mar-12
	Lander	Returned corrupted atmospheric data before crash-landing (23.9°S 19.42°W)
Mars 7	Flyby	1973-Aug-9	1974-Mar-25
	Flyby	Encounter with Mars = 1,300 km
	Lander	1974-Mar-9
	Lander	Missed the planet due to guidance error. Currently in heliocentric orbit

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